import re
from typing import Any


_PATTERN = re.compile(r"\b(?:кандидат|доктор)\s+[\w\s-]{0,80}?\s+наук\b|\bph\.?\s*d\.?\b", re.IGNORECASE)


def academic_degrees(data: dict[str, Any] | None) -> list[str]:
    degrees = []
    for section in (data or {}).get("sections") or []:
        if not isinstance(section, dict) or not re.search(r"уч[её]н.*степен|academic degree", str(section.get("title") or ""), re.IGNORECASE):
            continue
        values = [
            *(entry.get("text") for entry in section.get("year_entries") or [] if isinstance(entry, dict)),
            *(section.get("paragraphs") or []),
            *(section.get("items") or []),
            section.get("raw_text"),
        ]
        for value in values:
            text = str(value or "").strip()
            if text and _PATTERN.search(text) and text not in degrees:
                degrees.append(text)
    return degrees